Cell therapy Using specific types of stem cells to repair damaged tissues and treat disease. It may be performed using cells from the patient's own body (autologous transplant) or cells from a donor (allogeneic transplant). Bone marrow transplant A medical procedure in which healthy bone marrow stem cells are injected into the body to replace damaged or diseased bone marrow. See also "islets of Langerhans." Bioethics The study of ethical, legal, policy and social issues as they relate to new biological discoveries and biomedical advances. Beta cell dysfunction is a characteristic of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Beta cell An insulin-producing cell type found in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas. Axon A nerve fiber that transmits signals away from the neuronal cell body and to the next nerve synapse. Compare with "allogeneic transplantation." Axogenesis Growth of nerve axons. This is a treatment option for some blood cancers, such as leukemia. Autologous transplantation (autotransplantation) Transplanting tissues or cells from one area of a person's own body to another. It is probable that apoptosis plays a role in the pathophysiology of early degeneration. Apoptosis The normally occurring death of cells that can be hastened through adverse events such as trauma, ischemia and stroke. Compare with "autologous transplantation." Amniotic fluid stem cell A type of cell derived from amniotic fluid, which is the liquid that surrounds a developing fetus in the amniotic sac. Allogeneic transplantation (allotransplantation) Transplanting organs, tissues or cells from one person to another. Center for Regenerative Biotherapeutics protocols have been developed to generate adult stem cell-derived bonelike, nerve-like and heart-like tissues. Adult stem cell A type of stem cell found in organs of the body that can be used for regenerative interventions. The generous participation of patients and their families in this research enables BSCRC scientists to study these diseases in the laboratory in the hope of developing new treatment technologies.From "adult stem cells" to "xenotransplantation," learn about common and specialized regenerative medicine terms.
#Somatic stem cells definition skin
In addition, patients with untreatable diseases such as, ALS, Rett Syndrome, Lesch-Nyhan Disease, and Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy donate skin cells to BSCRC scientists for iPSC reprogramming research. Using iPSC technology our faculty have reprogrammed skin cells into active motor neurons, egg and sperm precursors, liver cells, bone precursors, and blood cells. With this groundbreaking discovery, iPSC research has quickly become the foundation for a new regenerative medicine. At that time, science had long understood that tissue specific cells, such as skin cells or blood cells, could only create other like cells. Kathrin Plath, William Lowry, Amander Clark, and April Pyle were among the first in the world to create human iPSC. In late 2007, a BSCRC team of faculty, Drs.
#Somatic stem cells definition free
For example, iPSC can be prodded into becoming beta islet cells to treat diabetes, blood cells to create new blood free of cancer cells for a leukemia patient, or neurons to treat neurological disorders. IPSC are derived from skin or blood cells that have been reprogrammed back into an embryonic-like pluripotent state that enables the development of an unlimited source of any type of human cell needed for therapeutic purposes.
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